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In the last decade, a number of projects have investigated how seeds disperse prior to entering the seed bank. This is now a rapidly expanding area of investigation by a large number of ecologists. We started out with seed rain and seed shadow studies in Cameroon and lately have expanded to projects in tidal wetlands, California Mixed Evergreen Forest and Northern California Coastal Scrub.

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RECENT PUBLICATIONS (pdfs in main listing)

Diggory, Z.E. and V.T. Parker. In press. Seed supply and revegetation dynamics at restored tidal marshes, Napa River, CA. Restoration Ecology
Clark, C. J., J. R. Poulsen, E.F. Connor, B. Bolker and V. T Parker. 2005. Comparative seed shadows of bird-, monkey, and wind-dispersed trees in a central African tropical rain forest. Ecology 86: 2684-2694.
Clark, C. J., J. R. Poulsen, E. F. Connor and V. T. Parker. 2004 Fruiting trees as dispersal foci in a closed canopy tropical forest. Oecologia 139: 66-75.
Hardesty, B. D. and V. T. Parker. 2003. Community seed rain patterns and a comparison to adult community structure in a West African tropical forest. Plant Ecology 164: 49-64.
Clark, C. J., J. R. Poulsen, and V. T. Parker. 2001. Frugivore impact on seed rain patterns in a central African tropical forest. Biotropica 33: 606-620